Youth Gangs in Canada: A Preliminary Review of Programs and Services
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Canadian Research Institute for Law and the Family (CRILF) was awarded a Crime Prevention Partnership Program grant by the Department of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada to collect and review information on youth gangs in Canada, as well as to identify programs and services aimed at addressing youth involvement in gang activity. The main objectives of this research were to: (1) Develop a multidimensional conceptual framework of youth involvement in gangs, including gangs with connections to organized crime, in the Canadian context. Factors such as the motivations to join a youth gang, recruitment tactics, organization, activities, and exit strategies are considered in the development of a typology that can be utilized to better understand youth gang involvement. (2) Identify programs and services addressing issues relevant to youth gangs in Canada, such as risk factors, recruitment processes, links with organized crime, and exit strategies. Key program components sought include the geographic location of the program, the target group, the objectives and activities of the initiative, the organization facilitating the program, and its funder. (3) Categorize the program initiatives based on their level of prevention – primary (prevention, raising awareness), secondary (intervention) or tertiary (rehabilitation, exit strategies).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it