Male <i>homoparentalité</i> with recourse to surrogate mothers in Quebec: the mediated cases of Kevin Lambert and Joël Legendre
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article analyzes two high-profile cases of gay male celebrities, Kevin Lambert and Joël Legendre, who announced publicly in April 2014 that they had founded families through recourse to surrogate mothers. As newsworthy accounts combining celebrity, male homoparentalité (same-sex parenting) with assisted reproduction, a controversial practice with an uncertain legal status, these cases circulated widely as human-interest stories across Quebec. Drawing on cultural studies methods of discourse analysis and close readings of visual culture, I approach Lambert’s and Legendre’s “performances” and intimate stories of assisted conception and male homoparentalité as a mediated struggle for the recognition (Butler) of double paternité d’origine (two men as parents from the birth of a child). Situating these two cases within a conjuncture where Quebec government subsidies of assisted conception generated heated debates, I read out from these cases to explore discursive struggles in Quebec over norms of sexuality, gender, and kinship – and the reproduction of the nation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.035 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".