Neural Networks Based Fractional Pixel Motion Estimation for HEVC
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) provides more compression than its predecessors. One of the modules that contributes to higher compression rates is the Motion Estimation module, which consists of Integer and Fractional pixel motion estimation. The Fractional Motion Estimation (FME) process performs interpolations to find sample values at fractional-pixel locations, which can be computationally demanding. In this paper, we propose an interpolation-free method for FME based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Our proposed method is implemented in HEVC reference software (HM-16.9). According to our results, ANNs can accomplish FME task with an average increase of 2.6% in BDRate and an average reduction of 0.09 dB in BD-PSNR.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it