Length Scale Plasticity: A Review from the Perspective of Dislocation Nucleation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Sub-micron and nano-size material systems and components are now regularly being fabricated for use in a wide variety of new applications. These systems exhibit mechanical properties that can be drastically different from their macroscopic counterparts and recently much work has focused on the size effects on the mechanical behaviour of materials. Although the size dependent behaviour has been observed in all of the crystal structures, the governing mechanisms have been found to be different. Different theories have been proposed to describe the size dependent behaviour of metallic samples and the governing mechanisms and it is well known that the surface plays an important role in the plasticity of small scales. Some of the theories indicate the importance of surface in nucleating dislocation and some other ones consider the surface importance as its effect on truncating dislocation loops and activation of internal sources. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that while dislocation based deformation in fcc metals is not very sensitive to temperature, deformation is strongly temperature dependent in bcc metals. The effect of orientation is more clear in the size scale behavior of hcp metals. This review covers recent literature that has focused on uniaxial compression of single crystals at the sub-micron and nanometer scale. The fundamental mechanisms governing the size dependent mechanical behaviour of different crystal structures are described. The effect of fabrication process and current experimental techniques for micro and nano-compression are studied as well.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".