Genetic and environmental impact on protein profiles in barley and malt
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canadian barleys have higher protein content and better protein modification than Australian barleys. Protein and protein modification was investigated in two Australian and two Canadian barley varieties under different levels of nitrogen fertilisation. Mass spectrometry was used to analyse protein profiles in grain and malt to assess how genetic and environmental factors modified the proteins in grain and malt. The differences in grain protein between the Australian and Canadian varieties were mainly in the high molecular weight proteins, less in water soluble proteins and rarely in salt‐soluble proteins, while malt protein variations were observed in all three groups. Generally, Canadian varieties contained more proteins in grain, but less water soluble and salt soluble proteins in malt. Monitoring the protein modification during the malting indicated that more proteins were digested in Canadian varieties. Genetic factors were dominant for protein variation, although environment also affected the protein composition. Barley varieties growing in Canada generally contained slightly higher protein content, and nitrogen fertiliser influenced proteins in grain that ranged from 43,000 to 47,000 Da. The protein pattern of high fermentability and lower fermentability varieties mainly varied from 30,000 to 40,000 Da.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it