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Record W2937143200 · doi:10.1109/ecai.2018.8678935

The Performances of the Fixed Constraints Transform Applied in Text Compression Experimental Results and Comparisons

2018· article· en· W2937143200 on OpenAlex

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no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
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Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicAlgorithms and Data Compression
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
KeywordsLossless compressionComputer scienceCompression (physics)Data compressionWord (group theory)PhraseCompression ratioData compression ratioSearch engine indexingAlgorithmBinary numberImage compressionEncoding (memory)Speech recognitionArithmeticArtificial intelligenceMathematicsImage (mathematics)Image processing

Abstract

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The Fixed Constraints Transform (FCT) encodes the text based on a dictionary. This dictionary is used to accomplish the connections between the words in the text and their corresponding transforms. The dictionary is generated one time and it is saved in a binary form for a better word-indexing speed. This method is strictly designed for text compression and it has maximum performances when the text has normal formatting - in a phrase, only the first word starts with upper case, and it continues with lower case. Because the algorithm is based on modification of the words in the text, on unaltered signs of punctuation, on spaces and other special characters, the algorithms performance is given by the ratio between the number of letters in the text and the total number of characters. FCT has close performances with other frequently used transforms - Star, Burrows-Wheeler, etc. - in terms of compression, but it has better execution speed. The applied algorithms of lossless data compression for testing are: RLE (Run-Length Encoding), arithmetic, PPMd (Prediction by Partial Matching), BZip2, Deflate (WinZip), LAMA, and RAR. The following indicators of compression performance were measured: the requested time for transform generation, the compression rate, and the requested time for compression. The text files used for evaluating the performance are from the Calgary Corpus. FCT leads to compression performances close to the ones obtained by the usual transforms used as pre-compression methods (BWT, Star Transform and derivatives). FCT is suited for the use of a chain of processors that have as purpose lossless data compression. The transform itself does not do a performing compression, but - most important - it helps a compression algorithm applied after it with the fact that it eliminates some redundant information and specific features to the idioms written in a certain language. FCT is an efficient method of data processing with notable results that can be very easily implemented and used in a lossless compression chain both for stream sequences and files in usual applications.

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Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.810
Threshold uncertainty score0.272

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.256
Teacher spread0.241 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

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Citations2
Published2018
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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