A Hybrid Deep Learning-Based Model for Anomaly Detection in Cloud Datacenter Networks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the emergence of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) and seamless Internet connectivity, the need to process streaming data on real-time basis has become essential. However, the existing data stream management systems are not efficient in analyzing the network log big data for real-time anomaly detection. Further, the existing anomaly detection approaches are not proficient because they cannot be applied to networks, are computationally complex, and suffer from high false positives. Thus, in this paper a hybrid data processing model for network anomaly detection is proposed that leverages grey wolf optimization (GWO) and convolutional neural network (CNN). To enhance the capabilities of the proposed model, GWO and CNN learning approaches were enhanced with: 1) improved exploration, exploitation, and initial population generation abilities and 2) revamped dropout functionality, respectively. These extended variants are referred to as Improved-GWO (ImGWO) and Improved-CNN (ImCNN). The proposed model works in two phases for efficient network anomaly detection. In the first phase, ImGWO is used for feature selection in order to obtain an optimal trade-off between two objectives, i.e., reduced error rate and feature-set minimization. In the second phase, ImCNN is used for network anomaly classification. The efficacy of the proposed model is validated on benchmark (DARPA'98 and KDD'99) and synthetic datasets. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed cloud-based anomaly detection model is superior in comparison to the other state-of-the-art models (used for network anomaly detection), in terms of accuracy, detection rate, false positive rate, and F-score. In average, the proposed model exhibits an overall improvement of 8.25%, 4.08%, and 3.62% in terms of detection rate, false positives, and accuracy, respectively; relative to standard GWO with CNN.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".