Bibliographic record
Abstract
The origins and transformation of digital consent are recounted in a comparative fashion, focusing on political constructions of computing in Western countries, regional bodies, and global negotiations. When data protection regimes emerged to govern computing technologies in the 1970s, the U.S., Canada, the U.K., France, and Sweden all ignored consent, but for very different reasons, and structured the governance of computers in related but diverse ways. Germany's unique construction of computing as a particular moral act that required consent would later find an interesting bedfellow with the U.S., which had relied heavily on transparency as a policy tool, as national systems gave way to international entities establishing rules for telematics, transnational data flows, and a newly individualized computer revolution in the 1980s and 1990s. This work contributes to a growing body of work on both the history of globalized communication and the legal history of computing.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.022 | 0.037 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.087 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.019 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".