From Adam to ʿĀdil Shāh: Rethinking Inter-Religious Encounter in the Tārīkh-i Firishteh
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Despite the Tārīkh-i Firishteh ’s continued importance for scholarship on early-modern South Asia, little attention has been paid to analyzing the text’s introduction, where its author, Muḥammad Qāsim Astarābādī (Firishteh), articulates a conception of historical time in part by critiquing the Mahabharata . Existing scholarship on the Introduction has invoked the conceptual framework of ‘encounters’ between Persianate and Sanskritic cultural spheres, where Firishteh’s critique of the Mahabharata is made possible through Mughal engagement with Sanskrit texts. By analyzing two registers of the Introduction—tārīkh as a mode of historical narration central to dynastic legitimation, and Abū al-Fażl’s use of the Mahabharata as a way to critique certain Abrahamic conceptions of genesis—this paper suggests that the language of ‘encounter’ is ultimately ill-suited to understanding the Introduction’s most controversial passages.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it