Hypertension with Hyperhomocysteinemia Increases the Risk of Early Cognitive Impairment after First-Ever Ischemic Stroke
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) are independent risk factors of stroke and are associated with each other. Although evidence suggests that they are related to cognitive impairment, the relationship between hypertension accompanied with HHcy and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is unclear. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To define the relationship between hypertension with HHcy and early cognitive impairment after acute cerebral infarction. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Our study enrolled 232 patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke. Patients were assigned to 3 groups by blood pressure and homocysteine (Hcy) levels: hypertension with HHcy, simple hypertension, or control. Cognition was assessed by the Montreal cognitive assessment at admission and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The hypertension with HHcy group exhibited the highest incidence of early cognitive impairment (simple hypertension: <i>p</i> = 0.000; control: <i>p</i> = 0.000). This group also had lower visual space/executive scores than the simple hypertension group (<i>p</i> = 0.000) and lower delayed recall scores than the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension with HHcy (OR 7.797; 95% CI 2.917–20.843; <i>p</i> = 0.000), the level of serum Hcy (OR 1.063; 95% CI 1.109–1.109; <i>p</i> = 0.005), education years (OR 0.797; 95% CI 0.722–0.880; <i>p</i> = 0.000), and Fazekas scale of leukoaraiosis (OR 1.648; 95% CI 1.239–2.191; <i>p</i> = 0.001) were independent influencing factors of early PSCI; however, simple hypertension (OR 1.183, 95% CI 0.208–6.737; <i>p</i> = 0.850) and simple HHcy (OR 1.112, 95% CI 0.181–6.810; <i>p</i> = 0.909) were not. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Patients with both hypertension and HHcy are at an increased risk of early cognitive impairment after acute first-ever ischemic stroke.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it