Two Decades of Ocean Acidification in the Surface Waters of the Beaufort Gyre, Arctic Ocean: Effects of Sea Ice Melt and Retreat From 1997–2016
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Anthropogenic CO 2 uptake drives ocean acidification and so decreases the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) saturation state (Ω). Undersaturation of surface water with respect to aragonite‐type CaCO 3 was first reported for 2008 in the Canada Basin, preceding other open ocean basins. This study reveals interannual variation of Ω in the surface Canada Basin before and after 2008. A rapid decrease of Ω occurred during 2003–2007 at a rate of −0.09 year −1 , 10 times faster than other open oceans. This was due to melting and retreat of sea ice, which diluted surface water and enhanced air‐sea CO 2 exchange. After 2007, Ω did not further decrease, despite increasing atmospheric CO 2 and continued sea ice retreat. A weakened dilution effect from sea ice melt and stabilized air‐sea CO 2 disequilibrium state is the main reason for this stabilization of Ω. Aragonite undersaturation has been observed for the last 11 years, and aragonite‐shelled organisms may be threatened.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it