Sanctioned and illicit support networks at the margins of a Scottish town in the early seventeenth century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines women’s participation in support networks, both sanctioned and illicit, in the Scottish town of Canongate in the early seventeenth century. Canongate’s official system of poor relief, controlled by the local church court, was a central pillar of support for the town’s poor. It was responsive and well organized, but it hinged on both the need of the poor relief recipients and their maintenance of a good reputation in the town. Women without a passable public reputation were still able to find support, however, as the Canongate church disciplinary court records attest. These records reveal extensive informal and illicit support networks of townspeople harbouring ‘scandalous persons’, networks that both supplemented and contested the sanctioned support system. This article explores the relationship between these systems of poor relief and harbouring and demonstrates that women at the economic and moral margins of the town participated in a dense and vibrant network of support.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.014 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".