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CPGI-Population Harm: A Supplement to the Canadian Problem Gambling Index

2015· article· en· W3017208671 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Lena C. Quilty, Chris Watson, Michael Bagby

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Addiction · 2015
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPsychology
TopicGambling Behavior and Treatments
Canadian institutionsMental Health Research CanadaUniversity of Toronto
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPsychologyHarmPopulationDiscriminant validitySample (material)Quality of life (healthcare)Clinical psychologyDemographyPsychometricsSocial psychologyInternal consistency

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Objectives: The majority of measures of gambling problems focus only on problems of the individual gambler. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a supplement for the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) to assess the impact of gambling problems at the population level (e.g., family, community, and other environmental levels such as work). Methods: An initial pool of items was generated through a systematic review of empirical literature and clinical instrumentation; the item set was revised based on classical test theory in a large sample with varying levels of gambling behaviour. A total of 317 adults (mean age=42.13, SD=13.21) were recruited for the present study: 256 participants from across Canada were recruited from an online survey panel (Sample 1), and 61 participants from Toronto were recruited from a previous gambling study (Sample 2). Participants completed population harm items along with other measures of problem gambling (CPGI Problem Gambling Severity Index, South Oaks Gambling Screen, Harmful Consequences Questionnaire), and disability and quality of life (Sheehan Disability Scale, Quality of Life Inventory). Sample 2 completed the population harm items a second time one week later. Results: The CPGI-Population Harm demonstrated internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and a unifactorial structure. Evidence further supported its convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusions: The CPGI-Population Harm appears to be an efficient tool to assess gambling-related harm to family members, romantic partners, friends, the workplace and the community. Objectifs: La majorité des mesures de problèmes de jeu de hasard et d'argent se concentrent sur les problèmes au niveau individuel. L'objectif de cette étude était de développer et valider un supplément à l'Indice canadien du jeu problématique(ICJP) afin d’évaluer les effets des problèmes de jeu à l’échelle populationnelle (ex.: famille, communauté, et autres niveaux environnementaux comme le milieu de travail). Méthodes: Une liste d'items a initialement été produite à partir d'une recension systématique des écrits empiriques et des instruments cliniques. L'ensemble des items a été revu sur la base d'une théorie classique de tests parmi un large échantillon de joueurs avec des niveaux variables de comportement de jeu. Un total de 317 adultes (moyenne d’âge = 42,13; EC = 13,21) ont été recrutés pour cette étude: 256 participants ont été recrutés à travers le Canada grâce à un sondage électronique (échantillon 1), 61 participants de Toronto ont été recrutés parmi des participants à une autre étude sur les jeux de hasard et d'argent (échantillon 2). Les participants ont répondu aux items sur les méfaits à l’échelle populationnelle ainsi qu’à d'autres mesures de problèmes de jeu (Indice canadien du jeu problématique(ICJP), Questionnaire South Oaks Gambling Screen, QuestionnaireHarmfulConsequences), d'invalidité et de qualité de vie (Sheehan Disability Scale, Quality of Life Inventory). L’échantillon 2 a répondu aux items sur les méfaits à l’échelle populationnelle une deuxième fois une semaine plus tard. Résultats: L’ ICJP-méfaits à l’échelle populationnelle a démontré une cohérence interne et une fiabilité test-retest ainsi qu'une structure unifactorielle. Les données ont aussi démontré une validité convergente et discriminante. Conclusions: L'ICJP-méfaits à l’échelle populationnelle semble être un instrument efficace pour l’évaluation des méfaits des jeux de hasard et d'argent sur la famille, les partenaires romantiques, les amis, le milieu de travail et la communauté.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.011
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.986
Threshold uncertainty score0.312

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.011
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0070.006
Science and technology studies0.0020.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0020.002
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0110.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.130
GPT teacher head0.368
Teacher spread0.238 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreMethods

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations8
Published2015
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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Same venueThe Canadian Journal of AddictionSame topicGambling Behavior and TreatmentsFrench-language works237,207