Automated Generation of Consistent Graph Models with First-Order Logic Theorem Provers
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The automated generation of graph models has become an enabler in several testing scenarios, including the testing of modeling environments used in the design of critical systems, or the synthesis of test contexts for autonomous vehicles. Those approaches rely on the automated construction of consistent graph models, where each model satisfies complex structural properties of the target domain captured in first-order logic predicates. In this paper, we propose a transformation technique to map such graph generation tasks to a problem consisting of first-order logic formulae, which can be solved by state-of-the-art TPTP-compliant theorem provers, producing valid graph models as outputs. We conducted performance measurements over all 73 theorem provers available in the TPTP library, and compared our approach with other solver-based approaches like Alloy and VIATRA Solver.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it