Short-Term Effects of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement on Municipal Procurement in Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union, which entered into force in 2017, is the first international trade agreement that grants access to government procurement markets in Canadian municipalities. In the short term, will the agreement lead to major changes in the policies and procedures of Canadian local government procurement authorities or to changes in the proportion of foreign-controlled companies that win contracts? The magnitude of the impact depends on how the current practices of municipalities differ from those that are required under CETA. We focus on large Canadian municipalities and build our arguments on the basis of key informant interviews, analysis of legal and policy documents, and the econometric analysis of contract-level municipal data. Our conclusion is that CETA will not greatly affect process or outcomes, at least not in the short term.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it