Endothelial-Specific Molecule 1 (Endocan) as a Marker of Vascular Endothelial Regulation of Obesity-Associated Peripheral Polyneuropathy in the Non-Diabetic Obese Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The increasing incidence of obesity and its co-morbid situations poses a great challenge to worldwide health. Obesity has numerous co-morbidities including airway illness, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, peripheral polyneuropathy (PN) and cancer. Endocan is a proteoglycan that could be used as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction. Aim of Study: The current study aimed to investigate plasma endocan level in non-diabetic obese patients and to explore the association between circulatory endocan with the clinical and electrophysiological tests of PN in obese patients. Methods: This cross-sectional controlled study enrolled 170 obese patients and 100 control group. The obese group was sub-classified according to BMI (Body Mass Index) into three groups; all participants were subjected to a complete neurological examination. The motor nerve conduction study of [median nerve, ulnar nerve, and Common Peroneal Nerve (CPN)] and the sensory nerve conduction study of [median, ulnar and sural nerves] of all subjects were estimated. Blood sampling and biochemical analysis for parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were done, in addition, Doppler evaluation of Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) using 0.9mm thickness as a cut-off point was used for identification of atherosclerosis. We measured plasma endocan by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Obese patients with PN had statistically significant higher levels of plasma endocan (218.6±26.26) compared to obese patients without PN (135.5±21.6) and controls (13.1± 3.2). Plasma endocan level was positively correlated with Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS) and negatively correlated with measures of electrophysiological tests; Motor Nerve Conduction Velocities (MNCV) of median, ulnar nerves, Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocities (SNCV) of median and ulnar nerves, Compound Muscle Action Potential (CMAP) amplitude of median and ulnar nerves and Sensory Nerve Action Potential (SNAP) amplitude of median, ulnar and sural nerves. The identification of optimum cut-off point of serum endocan could help in evaluating non-diabetic obese patients with PN in attempt to decrease health hazards related to neuropathy. Conclusion: Obese patients with PN had higher values of circulating endocan than obese patients without PN; the diagnostic power of circulating endocan was highly significant thus it could be used as a diagnostic biomarker of PN.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".