GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 Solar Mass Black Hole with a 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object
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Abstract
Abstract We report the observation of a compact binary coalescence involving a 22.2–24.3 M ⊙ black hole and a compact object with a mass of 2.50–2.67 M ⊙ (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The gravitational-wave signal, GW190814, was observed during LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run on 2019 August 14 at 21:10:39 UTC and has a signal-to-noise ratio of 25 in the three-detector network. The source was localized to 18.5 deg 2 at a distance of Mpc; no electromagnetic counterpart has been confirmed to date. The source has the most unequal mass ratio yet measured with gravitational waves, , and its secondary component is either the lightest black hole or the heaviest neutron star ever discovered in a double compact-object system. The dimensionless spin of the primary black hole is tightly constrained to ≤0.07. Tests of general relativity reveal no measurable deviations from the theory, and its prediction of higher-multipole emission is confirmed at high confidence. We estimate a merger rate density of 1–23 Gpc −3 yr −1 for the new class of binary coalescence sources that GW190814 represents. Astrophysical models predict that binaries with mass ratios similar to this event can form through several channels, but are unlikely to have formed in globular clusters. However, the combination of mass ratio, component masses, and the inferred merger rate for this event challenges all current models of the formation and mass distribution of compact-object binaries.
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The record
- Venue
- The Astrophysical Journal Letters
- Topic
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Field
- Physics and Astronomy
- Canadian institutions
- Université de MontréalPolytechnique Montréal
- Funders
- Division of Human Resource DevelopmentScience and Technology Facilities CouncilVlaamse regeringMinistry of Education, IndiaNational Research Foundation of KoreaHungarian Scientific Research FundGeneralitat ValencianaFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekCentres de Recerca de CatalunyaIndustry CanadaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareGeneralitat de CatalunyaKavli FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaSwinburne University of TechnologyNational Research, Development and Innovation OfficeAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungGovern de les Illes BalearsNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekAgence Nationale de la RechercheCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, IndiaNational Research FoundationNemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs HivatalAbdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical PhysicsEuropean CommissionFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchICTP South American Institute for Fundamental ResearchCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchMinistero dello Sviluppo EconomicoInstitut des Origines de LyonRussian Science FoundationLeverhulme TrustScottish Funding CouncilEuropean Regional Development FundScottish Universities Physics AllianceRoyal SocietyScience and Engineering Research BoardNational Science Foundation
- Keywords
- Black hole (networking)Compact starDimensionless quantitySolar massGeneral relativityGravitational waveCoalescence (physics)Binary black hole
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes