Changes in Trip-making Frequency by Mode during COVID-19
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on mobility in every country and region around the world. Recent studies help to illuminate some of the dimensions of change - however, the evidence is still scant in developing countries. The objective of this paper is to present an exploratory analysis of the changes in the frequency of trip-making by mode during the COVID-19 emergency in Bangladesh. The analysis is based on an online sample conducted during the pandemic, and the results confirm an overall loss of mobility, especially among younger people, in the form of reduced trip-making frequency by all modes. In addition, the results suggest that changes are not uniform across modes, and in particular the loss of mobility was more pronounced for bus, rickshaw, and CNG auto-rickshaw. In contrast, there was some adoption of walking during the pandemic.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it