Detection of Forearm Muscle Fatigue During Piano Playing Using Surface Electromyography (sEMG) Analysis
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries of the forearm, wrist, and hand are a significant problem for pianists. Approximately 60% of piano players experience playing-related injuries at some point in their careers; yet, the cause of injury is not well understood. Muscle fatigue may be a contributing factor. The focus of this work was to determine if muscle fatigue is detectable in the forearm muscles used for piano playing, if there is a difference in the development of muscle fatigue between pianists and non-pianists, and if there is an effect on how a pianist plays when their muscles are fatigued. A piano exercise and fatiguing exercise protocol were established and 11 pianists and 6 non-pianists were tested. It was hypothesized that pianists would show less incidence of fatigue than the non-pianists due to adaptations in muscle structure and task performance strategies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it