Did the Financial Crisis Change European Citizenship Law? An Analysis of Citizenship Rights Adjudication Before and After the Financial Crisis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This article analyses the impact of the 2007–2008 global financial crisis on the adjudication of EU citizenship rights, combining long‐term quantitative empirical legal study with qualitative socio‐legal analysis. We find that, first, the Court of Justice of the EU continues to interpret the provisions of the treaty and secondary legislation broadly and reaches largely pro‐individual outcomes in its citizenship case‐law. Second, it has been more explicit in drawing the line between core citizenship rights of European citizens, such as the primary rights to move and reside freely, and the rights that are tied to these core citizenship rights, including social security and social advantages on the one hand, and the rights of Third Country Nationals, which they derive from their relationship with EU citizens on the other hand. On this basis, we conclude that the economic crisis has had limited impact on EU citizenship law and remained confined to the edges of the notion of EU citizenship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.044 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".