Advertising Restrictions and Competition in the Children's Breakfast Cereal Industry
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper analyses the consequences of advertising in the children's breakfast cereal market. I take advantage of the fact that advertising directed at children is prohibited in the Canadian province of Quebec to examine the nature of advertising, and to determine whether the restriction hinders competition. I show that prices are higher in Quebec than in Canadian provinces that permit advertising. This suggests that the informative role of advertising dominates any persuasive role, since the most likely explanation for the higher prices is that the restriction prevented firms from announcing existence or characteristics and so from overcoming perceived differentiation. If advertising is informative, restricting it should increase the market shares of older, better-known brands and decrease the shares of newer and/or less well-known brands. Empirical analysis supports this prediction: established brands have higher shares in Quebec than in the rest of Canada, and the opposite is true for non-established brands.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it