Scottish Law on Intestacy and Probate: Borrowing From the United States and Canada to Bring Scottish Law Out of Flux
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article will consider the rules of intestacy and the grounds upon which legal reform is being proposed to amend the law in Scotland. The intention is to compare the benefits of adopting legal provisions from other jurisdictions in common law countries that can serve as a framework for possible legislation. This article will evaluate the jurisdictions that can serve as models for adoption, defining their laws, and evaluating the community property bases for the distribution of property. \n \nFirst, the laws in England and Wales will be compared to Scottish law, showing the relative issues Scottish nationals may face. Instead of simply adopting English laws, this article will explore the possibility of adopting succession legal approaches from North America, namely the community property system in some of the United States and the threshold approach from British Columbia, Canada. \n \nNext, this article will address how Scotland could address conflicts of law when applying succession laws. It will show that there are current methods available to Scottish nationals through the already-existing Brussels IV law, as part of the European Union, even though the United Kingdom has opted out. It will then show how the United States and Canada have addressed their own conflict of law issues, and how Scotland could consider borrowing from those approaches.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.021 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.020 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".