A Mixed Analysis on the Study Habits of Middle School Students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigated middle school students’ thoughts and attitudes towards study habits. The study employed an explanatory sequential design, which is a mixed method. The research consisted of two stages: quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative sample consisted of 205 students (116 girls and 89 boys) of a public middle school in the center of a city in the Central Anatolia Region in the 2019-2020 academic year. For the qualitative stage, fifteen students (seven girls and eight boys) were recruited from the quantitative sample using maximum variation sampling. The quantitative data were collected using the Questionnaire for Study Habits developed by Yenilmez and Özbey. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions. The quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS v. 24.0). The results showed that participants had a moderate level of study habits. Gender and grade level were not correlated with study habits. Participants with appropriate study space had better study habits. Participants associated study habits with success in the future. The results showed that the Internet, tablet, and TV had adverse impacts on study habits and positive or negative effects on parents and teachers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".