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Record W3193060818

MIGRATION PERIODS IN MACEDONIAN HISTORY (XX CENTURY)

2021· article· en· W3193060818 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueKnowledge International Journal · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicBalkans: History, Politics, Society
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMacedonianEmigrationPoliticsGeographyIndependence (probability theory)Forced migrationPeninsulaEuropean unionHistoryHuman migrationAncient historyPolitical scienceEconomic historyPopulationEthnologyRefugeeArchaeologySociologyDemographyLaw
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

А brief chronological overview of the most relevant waves of emigration in Macedonian history will be presented (20 century). When discussing the waves of migration, the most common reasons for Macedonians to leave their county will be included, as well as how the political, economic, and social climate of the land influenced their decisions to emigrate to a land culturally different from their own. There are several major migration waves that marked Macedonian history. The largest ones began in the early 20th century and enfold to the migration waves that swept across of Europe. There, in search for a better life, many Macedonians began to form the first sprouts of communities in which Macedonians lived. Furthermore, every major war that took place on the territory of Macedonia as a consequence left behind a wave of migration. Macedonia is a country located in the Southern part of the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered by Bulgaria to the East, Albania to the West, Serbia to the North and Greece to the South. Dating back to prehistoric times, Macedonians were a distinct nation, linguistically, ethnically, culturally different from their neighboring countries, but they only attained independence and sovereignty in 1991. Macedonia’s history has always been characterized by external and internal migration, similar to other European Union countries. The reasons for this intensive migration can be divided into three major factors: the degree of economic development, the political aspect, and the conditions of war. At first, the waves of migration in this region had been reported to be occurring only to neighboring countries like Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece; whereas later it extended to European and overseas countries such as the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.610
Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.028
GPT teacher head0.329
Teacher spread0.301 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it