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Record W3198239716 · doi:10.1615/atomizspr.2021037569

STUDY OF SPREAD OF AEROSOLS DURING DIFFERENT BREATHING CYCLES USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

2021· article· en· W3198239716 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueAtomization and Sprays · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicInhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Alberta
Fundersnot available
KeywordsInhalationBreathingMechanicsVentilation (architecture)Work (physics)Dynamics (music)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Environmental scienceComputer sciencePhysicsMaterials scienceMedicineMeteorologyAcousticsAnesthesiaThermodynamicsInternal medicine

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

With COVID-19 having spread so rapidly across the world, detailed physics of transmission of communicable diseases must be understood to recommend effective preventive measures. Computational fluid dynamics can provide insights into the physics of transport of droplets. Droplets are not only emitted during sneezing and coughing, but also during normal activities such as breathing, speaking, and singing. In this paper, different breathing patterns and their effect on the spread of droplets of 1 micron size are studied. It has been found that long steady exhalations, as well as sinusoidal exhalations can cause the droplets to travel greater distances. Also, some observations of the effects of the inhalation cycle and its small region of influence are included in this work.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.468
Threshold uncertainty score0.279

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.021
GPT teacher head0.280
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it