New ellipse-fitting method for contact angle measurement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this work, the authors examined the commonly used fitting methods for optical contact angle measurement. It was shown that currently, there is no available fitting method that can measure the contact angle of a non-axisymmetric drop without a clear view of the drop baseline. This work contributes to contact angle measurement methods by providing a new ellipse-fitting method. The new method fits the drop profile with a general equation of an ellipse whose major and minor axes are not necessarily parallel and normal with the substrate, respectively. The advantage of this method is that it can measure the contact angle of a non-axisymmetric drop without a clear view of the drop baseline. The measurement results were validated by comparing against the DropSnake and polynomial fitting methods. Generally good agreement was seen, which is important as it validates this method as the only available method for finding the contact angle of a droplet when the contact line is not visible – for example, in a condensation environment where many drops can block the view of each other’s contact line.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".