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Deep Learning-based Framework for Shipping Container Security Seal Detection

2021· article· en· W3209559300 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicVehicle License Plate Recognition
Canadian institutionsKelowna General Hospital
Fundersnot available
KeywordsContainer (type theory)Seal (emblem)Pyramid (geometry)Computer scienceComputer securityEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Shipping containers provide numerous benefits to global transportation. They are used to transport cargo from more than 30,000 cargo ships sailing across the world. The shipping containers provide the best protection of goods. This is because once all the goods are loaded into the container, it is sealed completely. The objective of the container seal is to minimize the risk of someone accessing the container and taking cargo out and avoid someone putting illegal stuff into the container such as drugs, weapons of mass destruction. To this end, shipping container terminals are required to inspect security seals when containers pass the gate of intermodal terminals. The existing detection mechanism is based on the human visual system which is time-consuming and hazardous. In this paper, a deep learning-based framework is proposed to automate shipping container security seal detection. The proposed method consists of three components including, handlers and cam keepers detection, handlers and cam keepers super-resolution regions, and security seal classification. For handlers and cam keepers detection you only look once (Yolov5) is employed to detect them with high performance. Following that, the laplacian pyramid super-resolution network (LapSRN) image super-resolution technique is used to convert low-resolution handlers and cam keepers regions to high-resolution sub-images. Finally, EfficientNetB0 is employed to classify the super-resolution sub-images based on two categories, seal or no-seal. The proposed whole security seal detection system is trained end-to-end that can localize and recognize the regions containing security seals with high performance.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.715
Threshold uncertainty score0.520

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.225
Teacher spread0.215 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2021
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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