Design and modelling tools for DC HTS cables for the future railway network in France
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The use of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables in power systems increases the transmission capacity, whereas reducing the volume of the installation. In addition, in high current applications, HTS cables considerably reduce power losses, right-of-ways and total system mass. This paper presents different multi-physics studies to be performed to accurately design the direct current (DC) HTS cables for the future railway network planned by the French company SNCF. The process used to design DC cables for high operating current (between 5 kA and 20 kA at 1750 V) made of commercial (RE)BaCuO tapes is presented. In this design process, the critical current density dependence J c(B, θ, T) of the superconducting tapes, the thermal properties of the materials used as well as different cable cooling configurations are considered. Finally, we discuss the selection of the appropriate cooling configuration to ensure adequate cooling of the cable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".