Development of Novel Connection Joints for Glass‐Plastic‐Composite Panels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
All‐glass systems such as mobile glass partition walls and all‐glass doors set high requirements for transparency, lightness and durability. The interconnection between the panels is conventionally performed by eye‐catching fittings and clamping details. Hence, innovative glass‐plastic‐composite panels, consisting of a systematic combination of a polymer Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) interlayer core and cover layers of thin glass, are currently under development. The units show high‐performance load‐bearing behaviour and exhibit full transparency at low panel self‐weight. Additionally, the novel composite allows for the implementation of a direct connection with the supporting structure into the PMMA interlayer core. These novel construction types will allow for small as well as unobtrusive connection details, which lead to the desired maximum transparency of all‐glass systems. Different connection joints such as fastened and bonded types were developed and tested with a focus on applications in all‐glass systems for the building industry. In this paper, the development process, and experimental results for different connection joints with glass and stainless‐steel substrates, tested under tensile and shear loading, are presented and evaluated in detail. For bonded joints, three transparent structural adhesives are included in the experimental program: UV acrylate, 2‐C epoxy resin and 2‐C polyurethane. Furthermore, the investigations consider detachable fastened connections. The results from form the basis for further investigations and an advanced design of connection details for the edge of glass‐plastic‐composites. A short outlook on the upcoming design of an ultra‐lightweight segmented glass arch adopting novel glass‐plastic‐composite panels and associated connections for the demonstration of the development in all‐glass applications completes the paper.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".