Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heroism Autobiography of a Fugitive Negro (1855)His parents escaped with their three-year-old son Samuel from a plantation in Maryland in 1820.After they reached New Jersey and later, New York, Ward began a career as a teacher, pastor, journalist and political candidate for the Liberty Party.Not least, he became a well-known abolitionist and active public speaker, and quickly entered the league of Black leaders in the nineteenth century.He was renowned for his sharp rhetoric as an orator, and has been "ranked next to Frederick Douglass" (Winks, "Ward").Ward has become part of the canon of African American oratory and anti-slavery discourse.1 A "militant" supporter of abolition and the rights of black people, Ward later advocated the cause on an international platform in Great Britain (see Winks, "Ward").His involvement in transatlantic anti-slavery work also reflects his international, cross-border life.From his birth as the son of two slaves in the United States to his death on Jamaica in roughly 1866, he lived and worked in numerous places in the United States, Canada, and Great Britain.Ward was therefore even more widely traveled than the otherwise highly mobile figures of Smallwood, Steward, and Warren in this book.However, despite being considered "ahead of his time" in his erudite assessment of a necessarily interracial abolitionism and the place of Canada in this work, scholars still consider him "an enigma" (Winks, "Ward") and an ambiguous figure (see Watson 104; 108).Representative of Ward's critical assessment by scholars, William Andrews, in his authoritative To Tell a Free Story (1986), sees in Ward a straightforward writer and speaker who dealt openly with racism in Great Britain and Canada, and opposed it to black superiority (see 198), but he 1 Philip S. Foner and Robert J. Branham, for example, include Ward's speech against the Fugitive Slave Law in their anthology on African American oratory, Lift Every Voice (1998; 217-19).6 This resonates with Austin Steward's history of his African grandfather.He recounts how his grandfather was snatched from his mother in Africa and made to suffer the middle passage to be sold as a slave in America (Steward 336-37).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".