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Record W4254159784 · doi:10.1080/00908310303413

Manufacture of Liquid Fuel by Catalytic Cracking Waste Plastics in a Fluidized Bed

2003· article· en· W4254159784 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueEnergy Sources · 2003
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicIron and Steelmaking Processes
Canadian institutionsUniversity of ReginaImpactUniversity of British Columbia
Fundersnot available
KeywordsWaste managementFluidized bedCrackingLiquid fuelFluid catalytic crackingEnvironmental scienceEngineeringMaterials scienceChemistryCombustionOrganic chemistryComposite material

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

An experimental research project is presented in this article which addresses some key technical issues in the operating process of converting waste plastics into fuels. In particular, these issues have been existing in the manufacture of fuel oils and chemicals from cracking the waste plastics. This study investigated the catalytic cracking action of a self-made catalyst, YNN (for the polyene plastics), and the reforming action of a self-made molecular sieve catalyst, HC-1 (for the plastics cracking production), by using an improved fluidized bed as the reactor. The project examined various impacts of several factors such as the reaction temperature and catalyst dosage on reaction process and production. The optimal reaction conditions were identified. Based on these conditions, bench-scale experiment was carried out by using mixed waste plastics. The experiment’s product of liquid fuels could meet national standards for auto fuels.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.455
Threshold uncertainty score0.616

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.185
Teacher spread0.180 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it