Planar Magnetic Actuation for Soft and Rigid Robots Using a Scalable Electromagnet Array
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Magnetic actuation system manipulates micro soft or rigid robots by a controllable magnetic field to move them freely in the narrow or enclosed space, which has demonstrated its huge potential in medical interventional surgery and drug delivery. However, the limited working space of paired or area-centered electromagnets restricts its practical applications. In this paper, we propose a convenient coils drive scheme for the scalable electromagnet array, and present an efficient planar magnetic actuation system with a spacious workspace. During the actuation process, our system activates selectively the effective electromagnets neighboring to the magnetic robot by coil selectors, and generates an alternating magnetic field with sufficient gradients to guide the robot's orientation and position. For the soft magnetic pipe, our system can push it to perform the continuous deflections around the stand columns on the plane. For the rigid magnetic cube, the designed magnetic-quadrupole structure allows it to receive various forces from different directions, and achieve a stable displacement in the heterogeneous magnetic field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".