Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thousands of medieval manuscripts have survived to the present day only as literal fragments of their former selves: cut up for binding scrap in the early modern period, initials and miniatures trimmed for framing by collectors and dealers in the Victorian era, and entire codices cut up leaf by leaf by modern biblioclasts. There are at least thirty-thousand fragments in North American collections and exponentially more in Europe and elsewhere. The potential for discovery, pedagogy, scholarship, and public engagement is enormous, and the work has only barely begun. Recent developments in data modeling and image service are making it possible for scholars to digitally reconstruct these broken books, enabling important outcomes for research and teaching. The essays in this volume will engage with medieval manuscript fragments and fragmentology in different ways. This introductory essay surveys the history of fragmenting, fragments, and fragmentology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.031 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.011 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".