DEFUSE: Deep Fused End-to-End Video Text Detection and Recognition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Detecting and recognizing text in natural scene videos and images has brought more attention to computer vision researchers due to applications like robotic navigation and traffic sign detection. In addition, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology is applied to detect and recognize text on the license plate. It will be used in various commercial applications such as finding stolen cars, calculating parking fees, invoicing tolls, or controlling access to safety zones and aids in detecting fraud and secure data transactions in the banking industry. Much effort is required when scene text videos are in low contrast and motion blur with arbitrary orientations. Presently, text detection and recognition approaches are limited to static images like horizontal or approximately horizontal text. Detecting and recognizing text in videos with data dynamicity is more challenging because of the presence of multiple blurs caused by defocusing, motion, illumination changes, arbitrarily shaped, and occlusion. Thus, we proposed a combined DeepEAST (Deep Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detector) and Keras OCR model to overcome these challenges in the proffered DEFUSE (Deep Fused) work. This two-combined technique detects the text regions and then deciphers the result into a machine-readable format. The proposed method has experimented with three different video datasets such as ICDAR 2015, Road Text 1K, and own video Datasets. Our results proved to be more effective with precision, recall, and F1-Score.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".