Survey of Remote TLS Vulnerability Scanning Tools and Snapshot of TLS Use in Banking Sector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the increasing popularity and real-world use of TLS, the number of vulnerabilities identified in this protocol has also grown. As a result, the protocol has undergone several revisions, with TLS 1.3 being its latest and currently most secure version. In this paper we provide a brief review of some of the most critical vulnerabilities of the earlier versions of TLS (TLS 1.2 and 1.1), and we survey the performance of several popular TLS scanning tools. The paper also provides a summary of our findings obtained by performing remote TLS scanning of the world's 50 largest banks. Contrary to what one would expect, the state of TLS security in the surveyed banks appears to be at (or below) the state of TLS security across the whole WWW. For example, at present less than 50% of the surveyed banks deploy TLS 1.3, while a significant number of them appear vulnerable to some well-known TLS-based attacks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".