The potential role of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of Dry Eye Disease (DED): a systematic review
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a prevalent condition that involves instability, increased osmolarity, and inflammation of the tear film and ocular surface. Vitamin D is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Association between vitamin D deficiency and increased incidence of DED has been suggested. However, no study currently exists that systematically reviews the potential role of vitamin D as a treatment for DED. Methods: The literature search was performed on December 2021 through PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, dan Cochrane Library using the relevant keywords. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, ROBINS-I tools, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 700 articles were found, 6 of which were considered relevant based on PRISMA protocol. The included articles consist of 2 case controls, a randomized interventional study, and 3 observational studies. Vitamin D supplementation improved tear stability, symptoms of dry eye disease, and serum vitamin D level affected the efficacy of topical therapy for DED. Conclusion: Despite this beneficial finding, serum vitamin D level does not significantly correlate with DED symptoms which the multifactorial nature of the disease might cause.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it