An Attention-Based Neural Network Using Human Semantic Knowledge and Its Application to Clickbait Detection
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clickbait is a commonly used social engineering technique to carry out phishing attacks, illegitimate marketing, and dissemination of disinformation. As a result, clickbait detection has become a popular research topic in recent years due to the prevalence of clickbait on the web and social media. In this article, we propose a novel attention-based neural network for the task of clickbait detection. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first that incorporates human semantic knowledge into an artificial neural network, and uses linguistic knowledge graphs to guide attention mechanisms for the clickbait detection task. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms existing state-of-the-art clickbait classifiers, even when training data is limited. The proposed model also performs better or comparably to powerful pre-trained models, namely, BERT, RoBERTa, and XLNet, while being much more lightweight. Furthermore, we conducted experiments to demonstrate that the use of human semantic knowledge can significantly enhance the performance of pre-trained models in the semi-supervised domain such as BERT, RoBERTa, and XLNet.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it