The Effects of Self-Control and Self-Awareness on Social Media Usage, Self-Esteem, and Affect
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: With the increase in social media usage due to the COVID-19 pandemic, investigation into factors that mitigate excessive and problematic usage is warranted. Factors such as self-awareness were included in the analysis of social media usage as it leads individuals to focus on personal ideal standards, begging the question as to whether high self-awareness limits problematic social media usage. Self-control, strengthened by self-awareness, was measured to examine its involvement in limiting excessive social media usage. Self-esteem and affect were included in analyses as they have never been examined in relation to both self-awareness and social media usage. It was hypothesized that self-awareness would be negatively related to social media usage, given self-control levels are high. Furthermore, self-awareness would be positively related to self-control, self-esteem, and affect, given social media usage is low. Methods: 125 psychology students (73.6% female) completed scales on self-awareness, social media usage, self-esteem, self-control, and affect. Linear regressions with moderation and mediation were conducted. Results: No moderation occurred but it was found that self-control mediated the relationship between self-awareness and social media usage. Self-awareness was positively related to self-esteem, self-control, and positive affect. Social media usage was not significantly related to self-esteem, positive affect, or negative affect. Self-control acted as a mediator in numerous analyses involving self-awareness and social media usage. Conclusions: Self-awareness promotes self-control, resulting in reduced social media usage. Future research should focus on cultivating self-awareness and the consequent self-control to help avoid the negative outcomes associated with social media usage (e.g., reduced self-esteem).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it