Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Code-switching, the spontaneous switching from one language to another within a single speech event ( Appel & Muysken, 1987 ), is essentially a linguistic concept derived from language contact research. The notion of bilingual code-switching has been far-reaching: it has been the topic du jour for decades in the field of sociolinguistics, it has been incorporated into cognitive studies to further the study of bilingualism, and it has been adopted into social psychological research from attitudes to identity. While each field has its own perspective of the concept and ways of operationalizing it into their respective methodologies, it remains necessary to have a well-rounded understanding of this linguistic concept and its definitions, constraints, and functions. An overview of the core ideas linked to code-switching will be explained, followed by a discussion of the studies that have incorporated the construct into cognitive bilingualism research and the social psychology of language. Finally, implications and future avenues for the study of code-switching and bilingualism will be discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it