Additive Manufacturing of Optical Devices using Inkjet Printing on Optical Nanostructures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a novel additive strategy to manufacture nano-optical devices using inkjet printing on nanostructured surfaces. To print optically variable devices, silver ink is jetted on the surface of nanopillar arrays to selectively activate or deactivate the structural color pixels. We study the effects of surface chemical properties on inkjet printing and two different printing modes: bright silver mode on hydrophilic surface and dark silver mode on hydrophobic surface. The printed silver film activates the structural color pixels in bright silver mode while deactivates the pixels in dark silver mode. Color images are printed in 120 pixels per inch resolution using both modes. 27 different colors can be achieved from bright silver mode and more than 512 colors from dark silver mode. The color images printed with bright silver mode show high color contrast owing to the index matching process that deactivates unwanted pixels. Color images printed from dark silver mode exhibit brighter colors owing to the high grating efficiency but lower color saturation due to the difficulty in completely deactivating pixels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".