MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4382242632 · doi:10.1097/cxa.0000000000000172

Involuntary Treatment for Adult Nonoffenders With Substance Use Disorders?

2023· article· en· W4382242632 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Addiction · 2023
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Canadian institutionsHotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of Calgary
Fundersnot available
KeywordsInvoluntary treatmentLegislationMedicinePsychiatryMEDLINECriminal justiceMental healthPsychologyPolitical scienceCriminology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

ABSTRACT Background: Involuntary treatment for adults not in the criminal justice system with substance use disorders (SUD) is controversial. Canadian governments recently have proposed involuntary treatment for adult nonoffenders with SUD based on their morbidity and mortality and impacts on public safety and health care utilization. However, the effectiveness of involuntary treatment using the mental health act or separate legislation for this purpose has not been reviewed based on existing treatment studies. This study aims to provide a narrative review of that literature and discuss the potential pros and cons of involuntary treatment in adult nonoffenders with SUD. Methods: A literature review was conducted using MEDLINE augmented by the references of relevant found studies and reviews. Only treatment studies were included. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: There are few studies of involuntary treatment of adult nonoffenders with SUD and no Canadian studies. Most studies came from jurisdictions with special legislation for the involuntary treatment of SUD. Patients entering treatment voluntarily did better overall than those admitted involuntarily. However, some studies showed some improvements in those involuntarily treated, with benefits extending beyond acute therapy. Conclusions: Evidence for the involuntary treatment of adult nonoffenders with SUD suggests limited benefits, with voluntary treatment consistently outperforming involuntary treatment. The use of involuntary treatment for SUD would likely require special legislation, the development of designated treatment sites, and extensive aftercare programming that may not justify the costs and potential ethical and legal issues. Resources likely would be better directed towards expanding voluntary treatment options. Contexte: Le traitement imposé à des adultes ne faisant pas partie du système de justice pénale et souffrant de troubles liés à l’utilisation de substances (TUS) est controversé. Le gouvernement canadien a récemment proposé un traitement imposé pour les adultes non délinquants souffrant de TUS reposant sur la base du degré de leur morbidité et de leur mortalité, ainsi que de leur impact sur la sécurité publique et leur utilisation des soins de santé. Cependant, l’efficacité du traitement imposé dans le cadre de la loi sur la santé mentale ou d’une législation distincte à cette fin n’a pas été examinée sur la base d’études de traitement existantes. Cette étude vise à fournir un examen narratif de cette littérature et à discuter des avantages et des inconvénients potentiels du traitement imposé chez les adultes non-délinquants souffrant de TUS. Méthodes: Une revue de la littérature a été réalisée à l’aide de MEDLINE, complétée par des références d’études et revues pertinentes trouvées. Seules les études sur le traitement ont été incluses. Dix études répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Résultats: Il existe peu d'études sur le traitement imposé des adultes non délinquants atteints de TUS et aucune étude canadienne. La plupart des études proviennent de juridictions disposant d’une législation spéciale pour le traitement imposé des TUS. Les patients entrant volontairement en traitement s’en sortent mieux dans l’ensemble que ceux admis contre leur gré. Cependant, certaines études ont montré des améliorations chez les personnes traitées contre leur gré, avec des avantages qui s'étendent au-delà de la thérapie aiguë. Conclusions: Les données relatives au traitement imposé des adultes non délinquants souffrant de TUS suggèrent des avantages limités, le traitement volontaire étant systématiquement plus performant que le traitement imposé. L’utilisation du traitement imposé pour les TUS nécessiterait probablement une législation spéciale, la mise en place de sites de traitement désignés et des programmes de suivi intensifs qui ne justifieraient peut-être pas les coûts et les problèmes éthiques et juridiques potentiels. Les ressources seraient probablement mieux orientées vers l'élargissement des options de traitement volontaire.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.673
Threshold uncertainty score0.669

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.039
GPT teacher head0.250
Teacher spread0.211 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it