On the Design of Broadband Asymmetric Y-Junction Ferrite Circulator for 60-GHz Inter-Satellite Communication
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Millimeter-wave (mmW) Y-junction ferrite circulators above 40 GHz have limited bandwidth due to the lack of ferrite materials having a high saturation magnetization above 5000 G and the simple and traditional circuit design approaches that cannot produce wideband circulators in this frequency range. To increase the bandwidth of mmW Y-junction ferrite circulators, novel design techniques for such circulators should be developed to achieve a functional circulator over a wide bandwidth at mmW frequencies. In this article, a Y-junction ferrite circulator is proposed, which is based on the WR15 waveguide standard with broadband performance for 60-GHz inter-satellite communications. An approximate design procedure for the core section of the proposed circulator is presented. The proposed Y-junction ferrite circulator achieves more than 20% bandwidth centered at 60 GHz. In addition, the effect of input power and ambient temperature on the performance of the circulator is studied for an input power of 300 W and ambient temperature in the range from −80°C to 80°C. The experimental prototype is fabricated and measured, where the measured response is in very good agreement with the numerically anticipated counterpart. The fabricated circulator achieves beyond −17 dB matching level with −15 dB isolation and 1-dB insertion loss over the entire bandwidth of interest.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".