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Record W4386952208 · doi:10.1109/mts.2023.3306540

A Review of Techniques and Policies on Cybersecurity Using Artificial Intelligence and Reinforcement Learning Algorithms

2023· review· en· W4386952208 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueIEEE Technology and Society Magazine · 2023
Typereview
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicSmart Grid Security and Resilience
Canadian institutionsConcordia University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsComputer securityComputer scienceReinforcement learningContext (archaeology)Cyber threatsDomain (mathematical analysis)USableProcess (computing)Artificial intelligenceWorld Wide Web

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cybersecurity is a critical process that safeguards networks, systems, and applications against cyber-attacks, wherein digital information is targeted for unauthorized access, manipulation, or destruction. As attackers continually evolve their tactics, addressing cybersecurity challenges has become paramount, especially in sensitive domains like the military and defense industries. This article delves into the challenges that artificial intelligence (AI) faces in the military domain, specifically focusing on defense applications. We review AI algorithms relevant to defense, examining their potential applications and benefits: much of this study revolves around cybersecurity in defense applications, particularly within cyber-physical systems (CPS). We explore reinforcement learning (RL) and deep RL (DRL) algorithms in CPS, aiming to enhance understanding of the cybersecurity implications in this domain. In this context, we present RL and DRL algorithms employed in cyber-attacks and their potential threats and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we discuss how RL and DRL algorithms can be effectively leveraged for cyber-attack detection and defense applications, providing usable insights into bolstering CPS cybersecurity. By addressing both technical aspects and ethical considerations, this article offers a comprehensive view of the challenges and opportunities surrounding cybersecurity in defense applications.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Other design · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.873
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.054
GPT teacher head0.329
Teacher spread0.275 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it