Review: <i>The Washington Apple: Orchards and the Development of Industrial Agriculture</i>, by Amanda L. Van Lanen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Book Review| November 01 2023 Review: The Washington Apple: Orchards and the Development of Industrial Agriculture, by Amanda L. Van Lanen The Washington Apple: Orchards and the Development of Industrial Agriculture. By Amanda L. Van Lanen. (Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 2022. 298 pp.) John Henris John Henris University Arkansas at Monticello Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Pacific Historical Review (2023) 92 (4): 675–677. https://doi.org/10.1525/phr.2023.92.4.675 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation John Henris; Review: The Washington Apple: Orchards and the Development of Industrial Agriculture, by Amanda L. Van Lanen. Pacific Historical Review 1 November 2023; 92 (4): 675–677. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/phr.2023.92.4.675 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPacific Historical Review Search Amanda Van Lanen's The Washington Apple is a thoughtful and deeply researched history of the development, marketing, and transformation of industrial orcharding in the Pacific Northwest. The first two chapters trace the origins of apple culture from the planting of the first seedling apple trees at Fort Vancouver during the 1820s to the emergence of industrial irrigated orchard districts in eastern Washington by 1900. During the last two decades of the nineteenth century, the introduction of irrigation technology, with significant support from the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroads, transformed parts of the arid Columbia Basin into a blossoming industrial orcharding landscape. The author finds that while some growers were able to create profitable orchards, "the quick wealth promised by boosters never materialized" (p. 66), as promoters downplayed the difficulties in producing and marketing quality apples. At the same time growers often resisted the hierarchical organizational structures that accompanied industrial... You do not currently have access to this content.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.063 | 0.061 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".