Visual imagery and the informal city: examining 360-degree imaging technologies for informal settlement representation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Informal settlements are a feature of many cities worldwide, yet information about their social and spatial conditions is often limited to what can be obtained from external observation. Remote sensing and landscape photography are used to acquire information about informal settlements, but images taken from the air or at a distance obscure their complexity, advancing a reductionist imaginary of informality in the minds of outsiders. As part of a project in an informal settlement in Johannesburg, this paper explores the potential of 360-degree imagery as a realist form of spatial representation, towards highlighting the diverse spatial forms, contexts, and lived realities of the informal city. Findings demonstrate the benefits of 360-degree imagery in comparison to other spatial and visual representation methods. Findings also reveal the need for more research into the impacts of this technology on viewer perspectives and perceptions, both visual-cognitive and in terms of intersubjectivity and power relations.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it