Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Essential Oil Effect on the Attachment of Oral Bacteria to Hydroxyapatite and Biofilm Formation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Periodontal disease and dental caries are two oral illnesses that are significantly influenced by microorganisms, hence the usefulness of finding natural substances to inhibit them. Objective: This study aimed to assess the Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaf and fruit essential oils effect against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Candida albicans to study their anticariogenic and antiperiodonto pathogenic activities. Methods: These activities were evaluated according to the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), anti-biofilm effects, and the impact on the adhesion to hydroxyapatite, a main component of the tooth. Results: Both leaf and fruit essential oils showed strong antibacterial activity against anaerobic bacteria: F. nucleatum (MIC of 0.012 %) and P. gingivalis (MIC of 0.025 %). Anticarcinogenic activity also showed MIC values of 0.06 % against S. mutans and, 0.5 % against S. sobrinus, and appropriate antifungal activity against C. albicans. It is interesting to note that both oils showed a significant inhibitory property to biofilm formation by the different studied species and significantly reduced the adhesion capacity of S. mutans and S. sobrinus to the hydroxyapatite surface at very low concentrations of 0.12 and 0.5 % for S. mutans and S. sobrinus, respectively. Conclusion: These results highlight the strong potential of E. globulus essential oils as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, as well as their ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion, which is promising for the prevention of dental caries and plaque. This implies that E. globulus may be a new alternative source of substances of medicinal interest that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce antimicrobial agents against dental caries and oral infectious diseases
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".