Title Pending 17646
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This is an accepted article with a DOI pre-assigned that is not yet published.We aimed to assess the impact of vitamin A supplementation in beef cows at late gestation on intramuscular adipogenesis in the offspring. Thirty pregnant beef cows were randomly assigned to a control group (CONTROL, n = 15) fed a diet containing 4.1 KIU of vitamin A per kg, and to a vitamin A supplemented group (VITA, n = 15) fed a diet containing 12.2 KIU of vitamin A per kg. The treatment application occurred from 180 days of gestation until parturition. Calves were biopsied within 10 days of age to collect skeletal muscle samples for assessing gene expression and protein abundance of target genes/proteins related to adipogenesis. All calves were raised under the same conditions until slaughter. Cows from both treatments showed no differences (P > 0.05) in total gain and final body weight, although CONTROL cows exhibited greater (P = 0.03) dry matter intake. Skeletal muscle from calves VITA group exhibited increased mRNA expression of retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ; P = 0.02), while no differences (P > 0.05) were observed in mRNA expression of markers for adipo/fibrogenic cells (PDGFRα), and adipogenesis (ZFP423 and PPARγ). However, skeletal muscle from calves from VITA group showed greater protein abundance of DLK1 (P < 0.01) and PPARγ (P = 0.02) than those from CON group. No differences (P > 0.05) among treatments were observed in the abundance of RXR and PDGFRα. Repeated carcass ultrasound measurements of the offspring showed increased intramuscular fat content throughout all the evaluated stages of their post-natal life (P < 0.05), while no changes were observed within subcutaneous fat measurements (P > 0.05). Hot carcass weight, carcass yield and dressing percentage, and KPH fat percentage were not affected by treatment (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that vitamin A supplementation during late gestation enhances intramuscular adipogenesis in offspring.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.957 | 0.915 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".