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Record W4395666063 · doi:10.18280/mmep.110417

Classification of Salt Quality Based on the Content of Several Elements in the Salt Using Machine Learning

2024· article· en· W4395666063 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueMathematical Modelling and Engineering Problems · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicFreezing and Crystallization Processes
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersUniversitas Trunojoyo Madura
KeywordsSalt (chemistry)Quality (philosophy)ChemistryComputer scienceArtificial intelligencePhilosophyOrganic chemistryEpistemology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Salt is one of the commodities in Indonesia.Salt has a very strategic and sustainable role for human life.Apart from being used for daily consumption, salt is also used as a raw material for various industries Indonesia, as a country surrounded by coastlines, can be self-sufficient in salt production and meet domestic salt needs.However, not all the salt produced maintains sufficient quality for consumption.Therefore, monitoring of the produced salt's quality is necessary to categorize it.Even though the categorization of salt quality is still carried out manually, this research employs data mining techniques with three different algorithms: Naï ve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), to simplify and enhance the efficiency of the classification process.The dataset used was obtained from salt data in the Sumenep region of Madura that consists of 349 records with seven attributes: sulfate, magnesium, water content, calcium, not dissolved, NaCl(wb), and NaCl(db) with four data classes that represent grades of salt quality (K1, K2, K3, and K4), and the salt data is divided into training and testing sets using the k-fold cross-validation method.Test results indicate that the K-NN method provides better outcomes compared to other methods, with an AUC value reaching 99.0%, accuracy of 91.7%, F1 Score reaching 91.6%, precision of around 91.9%, and recall of around 91.7%.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.728
Threshold uncertainty score0.291

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.087
GPT teacher head0.256
Teacher spread0.169 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it