Exploring affordable housing policy in federal states: social housing and housing allowances in Australia, Austria, Canada, and Germany
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In federal states, constituent units play an important role in affordable housing policy. Nevertheless, insights into affordable housing policy in federations are lacking. To lay the grounds for future research about an increasingly salient policy field, this research note explores the degree of de/centralization in affordable housing policy in Australia, Austria, Canada, and Germany, focusing on the two main policy instruments: social housing and the housing allowance. The research note develops an analytical framework that allows the examination of the relative significance of the federal government and the constituent units, and it applies this framework to the four countries. The research note highlights that legislative authority often does not fully capture the degree of de/centralization. Governments’ decision to provide a policy instrument, the relative importance of policy instruments, the provision of conditional grants, and the existence of a functional division of powers must also be considered.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it