Post COVID-19 vaccination side effects and associated factors among vaccinated clients in East Africa region: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
By the end of December 2023, COVID-19 had infected 701,748,397 people worldwide, killing 6,968,845 of them. A total of 1,734,021 cases and 30,162 deaths were reported in the countries of East Africa, with the highest number of cases (501,117) coming from Ethiopia and the lowest number from Eritrea (10,189). Globally, the epidemic has resulted in an astounding death toll and presents an unmatched danger to public health, the workplace, and food systems. Although most people agree that vaccination has had the biggest positive impact on global health in reduction of COVID 19, safe and effective vaccines were desperately needed to protect vulnerable populations. Research released in English between January 1, 2021, and January 14, 2024 was thoroughly searched through PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and other pertinent sources. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. STATA 17MP was used for the data analysis. The I 2 test statistic and Egger's test of significance were used to evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias. The odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were displayed using forest plots. This review and meta-analysis comprised a total of 23 articles, or a total sample size of 170,853. The pooled prevalence of post-COVID-19 vaccination side effects showed that 55 % (95 %CI 40–69 %) of population in East African nations experienced at least one side effect after receiving vaccination. The pooled odds ratio showed that a significant association was found between post-COVID-19 vaccination and gender (OR = 1.70; 95 %CI: 1.26–2.14), safety concern (OR: 2.79; 95 % CI: 0.51, 5.0), age (OR = 0.97; 95 %CI: 0.95–0.98), comorbidity (OR = 2.72; 95 %CI: 1.08–4.35). This review highlighted a significant number of adverse reactions to COVID-19 vaccinations. It is crucial to begin educating the public about these vaccines to enhance their understanding that the pandemic can be managed and that side effects are rare, temporary, and reversible.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it